R. v. Warren, 2010 NLCA 29
[14] Logic does not imply that an accused person ascertain who he is defrauding. Most significantly, the law does not require it (s. 380(1)(a) of the Criminal Code) or make it necessary to establish a direct connection between the accused and a particular complainant, as stated by Lamer J., in R. v. Côté, 1986 CanLII 93 (SCC), [1986] 1 S.C.R. 2, at para. 33:
Fraud consists of being dishonest for the purpose of obtaining an advantage and which results in prejudice or a risk of prejudice to someone’s “property, money or valuable security”. There is no need to target a victim to commit fraud, and the victim may not be ascertained.
A direct misrepresentation by the accused to the victim is not a required element of the offence. ( See also R. v. Chris (1984), O.A.C. 142).
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